Хадис Сахих аль-Бухари 10
Text of the hadith
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10 Adam ibn Abu Iyaas told us: We were told by Shu'ba, from 'Abdullah ibn Abu Safar and Isma'il ibn Abu Khalid from Al-Sha'bi, from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr, may Allah be pleased with them both, that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'A Muslim is one who does not harm (others) Muslims with his tongue and with his hands, and a Muhajir is one who ceases to do what Allah has forbidden.'.
Original text (Arabic)
١٠: حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّفَرِ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «المُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ المُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ، وَالمُهَاجِرُ مَنْ هَجَرَ مَا نَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: وَقَالَ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى، عَنْ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ.
Transmitters
Comments and interpretations
A Muslim is one who does not harm the Muslims with his tongue and his hands, and a Muhajir [1] is one who has ceased to do what is forbidden by Allah
He is also cited by Imam Ahmad (2/163, 192, 205, 209, 212, 224), al-Bukhari in Al-Adabul-Mufrad (1144), Muslim (40), Abu Dawud (2481), al-Nasai (8/105), al-Darimi (2716), Ibn Hibban (196, 230), al-Tabarani in Al-Mu’jam al-Awsat (4/56, 291, 6/341, 7/361), Abu Nu’aym in Hiljatul-Aul-Auliya (467). See also Sahih al-Jami’ al-Saghir (6711), Sahih al-Adabul-Mufrad (872), and Al-Rawd al-Nadir (591).
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Hafiz Ibn Hajar in Fathul-Bari, commenting on the hadith: “A Muhajir is one who has ceased to do what Allah forbids,” said: “...and this hijra is of two kinds, external and internal.” The inner means to abandon the evil to which one’s own soul bows and to which Satan calls, and the outer is to leave one’s faith from calamity and temptation.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said during the farewell pilgrimage: Shall I inform you of a believer? He is the one to whom people trust their property and souls. A Muslim is one who does not harm people with his tongue or hands. Mujahid is one who fights with his soul to worship Allah. A muhajir is one who leaves behind mistakes and sins.
Benefits derived from the hadith: '
Faith increases and decreases. The word "Muslim" in the hadith means a full-fledged Muslim. The word “Muslim” also includes both men and women.
- Leave of business is also considered a business.
To keep one’s tongue from profanity and to keep one’s hands from harming other Muslims is a sign of the fullness of the faith, and that one will be rewarded accordingly. Blaming evil and condemning enmity without cause. Inviolability (religion, honor, life and health, property, bloodline) of a Muslim. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The dignity of the hijra. The Hijra embraces all sins and all those who commit them, i.e. we must forsake both sins and those who commit them. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) referred to the general understanding of the word hijra. As for the specific meaning of the word “hijra”, it is leaving the Shirka country and resettling in the country of Islam. The Hijrah will continue until the Day of Judgment, as has been stated in other versions of this hadith. The basis of the prohibition is “haram”, i.e., if we see that Allah and His Messenger forbid something to us, then the first thing we should understand from this is that it is Haram. Unless we have an argument that it is not haram, but makruh (undesirable). Orders and prohibitions are only the right of Allah. Tahlil (doing something halalam), tahrim (doing something haram), or making something obligatory, all this should be based only on the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and not on opinion and emotions, nor on jealousy and tastes.
See Muhtasar Sahih al-Bukhari (10). Per. A. Nirsha.